Biography:

Abigail R Basson is a registered dietitian and NIH-funded instructor in the Department of Nutrition and Division of Gastroenterology at Case Western Reserve University and a clinical dietitian for the Preventive Medicine Center at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland USA. Her expertise is in basic mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease and dietary manipulation of disease severity in mouse models and in human clinical trials. The overarching goal of her work is to translate scientific knowledge and discoveries into applied knowledge that can be disseminated at the community level. Her work challenges the traditional paradigm of a ‘one size fits all’ diet approach and underscores the importance of quantifying person-specific host and microbiota dietary responses into personalized diets that are of benefit to the individual.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The current nutritional composition of the "American diet" (AD; also known as Western diet) has been linked to the increasing incidence of chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn disease (CD). This study investigated which of the 3 major macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates) in the AD has the greatest impact on preventing chronic inflammation in experimental IBD mouse models. Methodology: We compared 5 rodent diets designed to mirror the 2011-2012 "What We Eat in America" NHANES. Each diet had 1 macronutrient dietary source replaced. The diets were AD, ADsoy-pea (animal protein replaced by soy + pea protein), AD-CHO ("refined carbohydrate" by polysaccharides), AD-fat [redistribution of n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio; ∼10:1 to 1:1], and AD-mix (all 3 "healthier" macronutrients combined). In 3 separate experiments, 8-wk-old germfree SAMP1/YitFC mice (SAMP) colonized with human gut microbiota ("hGF-SAMP") from CD or healthy donors were fed an AD, an AD- "modified," or chow diet for 24 wk. Two subsequent dextran sodium sulfate-colitis experiments in hGF-SAMP (12-wk-old) and specificpathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6 (20-wk-old) mice, and a 6-wk feeding trial in 24-wk-old SPF SAMP were performed. Findings: The AD-soy-pea diet resulted in lower histology scores [mean ± SD (56.1% ± 20.7% reduction)] in all feeding trials and IBD mouse models than did other diets (P < 0.05). Compared with the AD, the AD-soy-pea correlated with increased abundance in Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostraceae (1.5-4.7 log2 and 3.0-5.1 log2 difference, respectively), glutamine (6.5 ± 0.8 compared with 3.9 ± 0.3 ng/μg stool, P = 0.0005) and butyric acid (4:0; 3.3 ± 0.5 compared with 2.54 ± 0.4 ng/μg stool, P = 0.006) concentrations, and decreased linoleic acid (18:2n-6; 5.4 ± 0.4 compared with 8.6 ± 0.3 ng/μL plasma, P = 0.01). Conclusion & Significance: Replacement of animal protein in an AD by plant-based sources reduced the severity of experimental IBD in all mouse models studied, suggesting that similar, feasible adjustments to human diets could help control/prevent IBD in humans.

Biography:

Mohammod Fokrul Islam is Business man & Village Doctor , He is Proprietor of Patowary Corporation and Patowary Health Care Center , He has Bachelor Degree in National University in Bangladesh, R.M.P (Rural Medical Practitioner) Dhaka , Kamrangirchar 31 Bed Hospital Kamrangichar. D.M.A (Diploma Medical Assistant ) Dhaka , Bangladesh Medical Association. Now he is serving help the sick people (Mainly Poor people)all over Bangladesh. He attended many health related program  out site of Bangladesh like Turkey, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia , China , India , He import many kinds of machinery and sales Locally that’s purpose visited many country , Japan, Singapore, China , Malaysia , India. He is working K-Linking International M.LM foreign company , and Local company is Ergon Pharmaceutical Limited as (Sinior Deputy Sales Manager) their product is the Health related product. 

Abstract:

Bangladesh has achieved remarkable success in improving most of the health indicators over the last couple of decades despite pervasive economic poverty. However, for a sustainable growth health sector should be among the top lists at Governments policy table. Unfortunately, the recent trend in budget allocation portrayed just the opposite and is concerning as expressed by health experts. Over the last seven fiscal years, budgetary allocation for health dropped from 6.2% to 4.3% of total government expenditure. Due to insufficient public spending, out of pocket payment (OPP) is much higher which is about two-third (64.7%) of total health care spending in Bangladesh. Inadequate and inefficient public healthcare and profiteering tendency of the private healthcare sector are two major factors behind such high private spending. Suffering from a massive shortage of health workforce and with such low public funding it would be very difficult for Bangladesh to fight against upcoming challenges like increasing burden of non communicable diseases (NCDs) and emerging threats due to climate change.

Biography:

Okereke Goodluck Obioma is a phenomenal food expert that has experience, spanning for more than a decade in both food industry and academia. He has a Ph.D in Food Science and Technology (funded by World Bank through Centre for Food Technology and Research) from Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria, which is his affiliation as an eminent researcher. He obtained a Master of Science (M.Sc) in Food Processing and Preservation from Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria; and a Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) in Food Science and Technology at Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. Besides, he is a key team player with Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company, Nigeria and consults with many food firms as well. He is a prolific author whose captivating publications form a niche base for researchers globally. Okereke Goodluck Obioma serves as a peer reviewer and editorial board member to many top-notch international journals; and has made many remarkable presentations at several first-class events. His research interests are in postharvest food losses, food safety and security, water treatment, starch, beverage and bakery manufacture.

Abstract:

Skyrocketing prices of wheat flour based products (including their poor nutrient contents) like bread in developing countries like Nigeria, are a major contributor to the rising nutritional food insecurity. This concern has provoked nutritionists, food experts and proactive researchers into aggressive expansion of strategic researches geared towards tackling this menace with local food crops. In light of this, various composite bread (Samples N, H and A) were made from the blends of wheat flour, native/heat moisture treated/acetylated starch of sweet potato, and Moringa oleifera seed flour in the percentage ratio of 85:10:5 respectively. Nutritional and baking properties of these composite bread were investigated against those of ‘control bread’ (Sample C- 100% wheat flour bread). In terms of Nutritional quality and shelf stability, all the composite bread were significantly (p<0.05) higher than ‘control bread’; and also did not significantly (p<0.05) differ from it in terms of baking properties. The range of values of the results obtained were for: moisture (33.60-37.40%), ash (2.06-2.23%), crude fibre (0.72-1.34%), fat (1.07-1.53 %), protein (10.76-11.79%), carbohydrate (46.86-49.12%), energy content (244.07-255.38 kcal/100g), calcium (112.28-117.10 mg/100g), iron (1.83-2.78 mg/100g), magnesium (56.44-58.14 mg/100g), phosphorus (63.24-66.86 mg/100g), vitamin A (0.180-0.390 mg/100g), vitamin B₁ (0.032-0.07 mg/100g), vitamin B₂ (0.066-0.099 mg/100g), vitamin B₃ (0.176-0.430 mg/100g), vitamin B₆ (0.200-0.470 mg/100g), vitamin C (13.540-11.370 mg/100g), height (6.00-8.80 cm), volume (504.65-860.15 cm³), weight (260.60-334.30 g), specific volume (1.94-2.57 cm³/g), appearance (7.28-7.36), aroma (6.32-7.19), taste (6.20-6.90), after-mouthfeel (5.85-6.43) and general acceptability (5.87-6.77).Sample N (i.e. bread made from composite flour of 85% wheat flour: 10% native sweet potato starch: 5% Moringa oleifera seed flour) significantly (p<0.05) had highest values in ash, fat, crude fibre, protein, calcium, iron, phosphorus, vitamin A, vitamin B₁, vitamin B₂, vitamin B₃, vitamin B₆,  vitamin C; but had lowest values in carbohydrate, height, volume, weight and  specific volume. These results have highlighted the potentials of these underutilized food crops in addressing nutritional insecurity and of course, food insecurity in Nigeria.

Biography:

Ulumbi Nasania Kilimba has her expertise in Environmental Nutrition as well as clinical Nutrition  for several years and passion in improving the health and wellbeing. Her open and contextual evaluation model based on responsive as constructivists creates new pathways for improving healthcare. She build an interest model of research in environmental nutritional on the basses of Non-Communicable Disease in recently and administration both in hospital and education institutions.

Abstract:

Gastrostomy feeding tube is inserted directly to the stomach for feeding to patient suffers upper gastric obstruction.  Common causes; smoking, above 60 years, and low intake of fresh fruits and vegetable, but recently climate changes mentioned. Common clinical features; are dysphagia, persistent vomiting, and progressive wasting. The malnutrition is critical issue to upper gastrointestinal cancer and the rate rapidly is raising but data are limited. Current  study conducted to evaluate  the nutrition status among gastrostomy patients discharged home. Method; The surveillance study conducted to adult patients with gastrostomy tube feeding discharge home. The male and female were involved. Patient not assigned to Home Enteral Nutritional counseling program enrolled. The Telephone applied to make follow up. The follow done after third months post gastrostomy. The content analysis methods applied to analyze the data.Results; about 28 recruited, 21(75%) were male, and 7 (25%) female.  Majority 15(53%) were above the 40 years. 16(57%) were smoked, 10 were living with family members who were smoking. The findings showed 21(75%) patients passed away within 3monts post gastrostomy, only 1 (3.5%) was alive.

Discussion; It is first nutrition surveillance study conducted at Tanzania to find out post gastrostomy nutrition status as severe malnutrition threatens the life. According to studies findings, home enteral nutrition program increase the life span and reduce the effect of chemotherapy and radiation.

Conclusion; Patient undergone Gastrostomy need closely nutrition care and then suggests the launch of the home enteral nutritional program, supplement, and development of nutrition guideline for UGI. 

Biography:

Ahmed Mohammed Attyah Zheoat is a Professor from University of Strathclyde and Al Manara College for Medical Sciences under specialization of PhD Pharmacology / MSc Pharmacology and Toxicology.

Abstract:

Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of neglected parasitic diseases caused by several species of parasites belonging to the family Trypansomatida. The present study investigated the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from Polygonum salicifolium, which grows in the wetlands of Iraq. The phytochemical evaluation of the plant yielded two chalcones, 2′,4′- dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone and 2′,5′-dimethoxy-4′,6′-dihydroxychalcone, and two flavanones, 5,7-dimethoxyflavanone and 5,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavanone. The chalcones showed a good antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity while the flavanones were inactive. The EC50 values for 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone against Trypanosoma brucei brucei (0.5 μg/mL), T. congolense (2.5 μg/mL), and Leishmania mexicana (5.2 μg/mL) indicated it was the most active of the compounds. None of the compounds displayed any toxicity against a human cell line, even at 100 µg/mL, or cross-resistance with first line clinical trypanocides, such as diamidines and melaminophenyl arsenicals. Taken together, our study provides significant data in relation to the activity of chalcones and flavanones from P. salicifolium against both parasites in vitro. Further future research is suggested in order to investigate the mode of action of the extracted chalcones against the parasites.